The seven-transmembrane α-helix structure of a GPCR

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) draw much attention as drug targets because more than 40% of the approximately 500 clinically marketed drugs are targeting GPCRs. Functional assays for GPCRs are indispensable platforms for drug screening and ligand hunting. We provide assay systems which cover calcium flux, cAMP level and reporter assay for our customers to carry out high-throughput screening (HTS).

Four major routes of the GPCR Signaling Pathway

GPCRs transmit extracellular signals across the plasma membrane via intracellular coupling with heterotrimeric G proteins. Heterotrimeric G proteins are classified into four subfamilies based on their Gα subunits, Gs, Gi, Gq and G12. Current methods employed in GPCR screening assays measure G protein signaling by determining change in second messengers such as cAMP, inositol trisphosphate (IP3), and intracellular Ca2+ mobilizations, which demands different assay platforms and requires specialized instrumentation for each pathway which could be costly. Our proprietary GPCR assay platform is designed to report GPCR activation. These assays are used for potency rankings of GPCR modulators and for high throughput screening. The advantage of our GPCR screening assays is that they give you a cost-effective screening approach before you spend time and resource to narrow down individual GPCRs before you are not sure which subtypes of GPCRs are involved.

Intracellular/extracellular free ions, such as Ca2+, H+ and Mg2+ concentrations are important for vital cell functions, such as excitability, membrane potential, cell volume regulation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Under physiological conditions, intracellular and extracellular free ion concentrations are fine controlled; however, they are dysregulated in a number of diseases. Utilizing digital cell imaging, high throughput screening (HTS) and ion sensitive electrodes, we offer measurements of intracellular and extracellular free ion, such as Ca2+, H+ and Mg2+concentrations to test effects of lead compounds on these free ions, and further elucidate the mechanisms underlying action of the compounds on the ions.

(TGFβ (TGF-beta), Wnt, NF-kB, MAPK)

BioMaxLab Reporter Assays provide a HTS for rapid, sensitive, and quantitative assessment of signal transduction pathway activation by measuring the activities of downstream transcription factors in cultured cells. We transfect the HEK-293 cells with the reporter and run services for the following signaling pathways to provide a comprehensive coverage for potential mechanism of action of drug candidates based on:

	Monitor how the signaling pathway is regulated by your compounds.
	Evaluate how potent the effect of tested compound is on activity of the pathway.
	Delineate the potential biological targets for your drug candidates. 

We have experimentally optimized the number of response elements as well as the intervening sequence between response elements to maximize the signal to noise ratio for each pathway.

In addition to the positive and negative controls included in each run, we also cotransfect the reporter with Renilla luciferase as an internal control for normalizing transfection efficiencies, monitoring cell viability and producing a ratiometric readout, thus to ensure the validity and the comparability of the data over time.

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